Description: The outside of the Sherman Home in Lancaster, Ohio. This is where John Sherman (1823-1900) was raised. Sherman is best known as a man who would serve in the senate for over ten years. Sherman at first held a few other jobs before getting into the world of politics, working both as an engineer and an attorney. Before he went on to serve in the senate, he served for a number of years as a representative in Congress. During his time in politics he would support at first the Whig Party, which favored more power for the central government as opposed to the states. After the demise of the Whig party, he became an avid supporter of Republican party policies and was so passionate about the cause of preserving the Union he considered abandoning politics at least for a time and fight the Confederacy. In the end, he abandoned this idea and devoted his time to pushing for his favored policies in Congress. He continued to serve in the senate and hold his own during the turbulent time of Reconstruction. Sherman usually came off as a moderate voice in the time of increasing conflict between the Senate and the President over how to bring the United States back together. He was not afraid to criticize both and advocated for a moderate approach. Sherman left the Senate for a period to become a cabinet official, returning to the Senate upon his leaving the cabinet. While he was once again serving in the senate, he formulated and would give his name to the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, which made it possible for business monopolies to be dismantled. He would continue to serve in the Senate until a few years before his death, leaving in 1897, and dying three years later in 1900. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06775
Subjects: Sherman, John, 1823-1900; United States. Congress. Senate; United States. Congress. House; Civil War
Places: Lancaster (Ohio); Fairfield County (Ohio); Ohio
 

Description: This is a photograph (ca. 1935-1943) of the Nati Enquirer newspaper with an engraving depicting a painting of street scene in Cincinnati. Heading reads "Cincinnati Enquirer, Sesqui-Centennial Edition, October 12, 1938" Caption reads "In 1830. This old painting shows Fourth Street, east of Vine. The house with the pillars belonged to William Groesbeck." William Groesbeck graduated from Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1835 where he studied law. He moved to Cincinnati in 1836, after being admitted to the bar, and commenced practice. He was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth United States Congress in March 1857, and he served as a United States Representative from Ohio until March 1959. He was unsuccessful in his bid to the Thirty-six Congress in 1858. Among his many other accomplishments, Groesbeck also served in the State Senate from 1862-1864. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F01_018
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Groesbeck, William S. (William Slocomb), 1815-1897; United States. Congress (35th : 1857-1859). Senate; United States. House of Representatives; Cincinnati (Ohio)--Newspapers
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: This is a photograph (ca. 1935-1943) of the Nati Enquirer newspaper depicting a painting of a street scene in Cincinnati. Heading reads "Cincinnati Enquirer, Sesqui-Centennial Edition, October 12, 1938" Caption reads "In 1830. This old painting shows Fourth Street, east of Vine. The house with the pillars belonged to William Groesbeck." William Groesbeck graduated from Miami University in Oxford, Ohio in 1835 where he studied law. He moved to Cincinnati in 1836, after being admitted to the bar, and commenced practice. He was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-fifth United States Congress in March 1857, and he served as a United States Representative from Ohio until March 1959. He was unsuccessful in his bid to the Thirty-six Congress in 1858. Among his many other accomplishments, Groesbeck also served in the State Senate from 1862-1864. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F01_021
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Groesbeck, William S. (William Slocomb), 1815-1897; United States. Congress (35th : 1857-1859). Senate; United States. House of Representatives; Cincinnati (Ohio)--Newspapers
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing John J. Gilligan addressing a crowd with William B. Saxbe seated in the foreground. Saxbe ran against and defeated Gilligan for the United States Senate in 1968. However, both men went on to have successful political careers. Gilligan was elected governor of Ohio in 1971 to 1975. After the Watergate Scandal, Saxbe was appointed United States Attorney General with the permanent termination of Robert Bork. Gilligan started his political career in 1953 when he campaigned and won a seat in the Cincinnati City Council. Later, Gilligan ran for the United States House of Representatives and served for one term. However, he was not re-elected and suffered two more political defeats in running for the United States Senate. Despite these failed endeavors, Gilligan won the office of Governor of Ohio in 1971. He served as governor until 1975. Gilligan's governorship is remembered for several successes, such as the beginning of the state lottery, the graduated state income tax, the voting age lowered to eighteen, and an improved transportation infrastructure. After his term, Gilligan focused his political efforts towards international development and also taught at the collegiate level. Influenced by her father's political career and ambitions, Gilligan's daughter Kathleen (Gilligan) Sebelius served as governor of Kansas from 2003 until 2009. Under President Barack Obama, she was appointed Secretary of Health and Human Services. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV155_B03_001
Subjects: Gilligan, John Joyce, 1921-; Saxbe, William Bart, 1916-2010; United States. Congress. Senate; Politicians;
 

Description: This photograph shows U.S. Senator Robert Taft, Sr., standing behind a podium and microphone. Behind him is a display of newspapers attached to a wood strip. Robert Alphonso Taft, Sr., was a prominent United States Senator from Ohio in the mid-twentieth century. Taft was born on September 8, 1889, in Cincinnati, Ohio. His father was William Howard Taft, a president of the United States. Robert Taft attended public schools in Cincinnati, as well as schools in Manila, Philippines, where his father was governor general, and the Taft School in Watertown, Connecticut. In 1910, he graduated from Yale University and then earned a law degree at Harvard University in 1913. Upon graduating from Harvard, Taft practiced law in Cincinnati. He served as an assistant counsel to the United States Food Administration from 1917 to 1918. A member of the Republican Party, Taft won election to the Ohio House of Representatives in 1920. He held this office from 1921 to 1926 and eventually rose to the rank of speaker and majority leader. During 1931 and 1932, he served in the Ohio Senate. In 1938, Taft won election to the United States Senate. He served until 1953, winning reelection in 1944 and 1950. His greatest contribution in the Senate was his co-sponsorship of the Taft-Hartley Act, which limited the power of unions by banning "unfair" union practices, outlawed closed union shops, and permitted the federal government to seek federal court injunctions against unions if a strike threatened the national interest. Believing that they were socialistic, Taft also sought to end many of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs. In 1940, 1948, and 1952, Taft sought the Republican Party's presidential nomination, but was unsuccessful each time. His firm support of Republican issues led him to be nicknamed "Mr. Republican." On January 3, 1953, he became majority leader of the Senate. Taft died on July 31, 1953, during his third Senate term. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05864
Subjects: Ohio History--Presidents and Politics; Taft, Robert A. (Robert Alphonso), 1889-1953; United States. Labor Management Relations Act, 1947; United States. Congress. Senate; Politicians
 

Description: This photo shows U.S. Senator Robert Taft, Sr., at the Columbus (Ohio) Chamber of Commerce, in 1953. A smiling Taft is seated at a table. Behind him is an unidentified woman. Robert Alphonso Taft, Sr., was a prominent United States senator from Ohio in the mid-twentieth century. Taft was born on September 8, 1889, in Cincinnati, Ohio. His father was William Howard Taft, a president of the United States. Robert Taft attended public schools in Cincinnati, as well as schools in Manila, Philippines, where his father was governor general, and the Taft School in Watertown, Connecticut. In 1910, he graduated from Yale University and then earned a law degree at Harvard University in 1913. Upon graduating from Harvard, Taft practiced law in Cincinnati. He served as an assistant counsel to the United States Food Administration from 1917 to 1918. A member of the Republican Party, Taft won election to the Ohio House of Representatives in 1920. He held this office from 1921 to 1926 and eventually rose to the rank of speaker and majority leader. During 1931 and 1932, he served in the Ohio Senate. In 1938, Taft won election to the United States Senate. He served until 1953, winning reelection in 1944 and 1950. His greatest contribution in the Senate was his co-sponsorship of the Taft-Hartley Act, which limited the power of unions by banning "unfair" union practices, outlawed closed union shops, and permitted the federal government to seek federal court injunctions against unions if a strike threatened the national interest. Believing that they were socialistic, Taft also sought to end many of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs. In 1940, 1948, and 1952, Taft sought the Republican Party's presidential nomination, but was unsuccessful each time. His firm support of Republican issues led him to be nicknamed "Mr. Republican." On January 3, 1953, he became majority leader of the Senate. Taft died on July 31, 1953, during his third Senate term. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05866
Subjects: Ohio History--Presidents and Politics; Taft, Robert A. (Robert Alphonso), 1889-1953; United States. Labor Management Relations Act, 1947; United States. Congress. Senate; Politicians
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows U.S. Senator Robert Taft, Sr., at the Columbus (Ohio) Chamber of Commerce, 1953. Smiling broadly, Taft sits at table on which a newspaper or other printed material is displayed. An unidentified woman is visible in the background. Robert Alphonso Taft, Sr., was a prominent United States senator from Ohio during the mid-twentieth century. Taft was born September 8, 1889, in Cincinnati, Ohio. His father was William Howard Taft, a president of the United States. Robert Taft attended public schools in Cincinnati, as well as schools in Manila, Philippines, where his father was governor general, and the Taft School in Watertown, Connecticut. In 1910 he graduated from Yale University and then earned a law degree at Harvard University in 1913. Upon graduating from Harvard, Taft practiced law in Cincinnati. He served as an assistant counsel to the United States Food Administration from 1917 to 1918. A member of the Republican Party, Taft won election to the Ohio House of Representatives in 1920. He held this office from 1921 to 1926 and eventually rose to the rank of speaker and majority leader. During 1931 and 1932, he served in the Ohio Senate. In 1938, Taft won election to the United States Senate. He served until 1953, winning reelection in 1944 and 1950. His greatest contribution in the Senate was his co-sponsorship of the Taft-Hartley Act, which limited the power of unions by banning "unfair" union practices, outlawed closed union shops, and permitted the federal government to seek federal court injunctions against unions if a strike threatened the national interest. Believing that they were socialistic, Taft also sought to end many of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs. In 1940, 1948, and 1952, Taft sought the Republican Party's presidential nomination, but was unsuccessful each time. His firm support of Republican issues led him to be nicknamed "Mr. Republican." On January 3, 1953, he became majority leader of the Senate. Taft died on July 31, 1953, during his third Senate term. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05867
Subjects: Ohio History--Presidents and Politics; Taft, Robert A. (Robert Alphonso), 1889-1953; United States. Labor Management Relations Act, 1947; United States. Congress. Senate; Politicians
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: A political cartoon commenting on the senate race between John Gilligan and William Saxbe, from the Toledo Blade ca. 1968. In 1968, Saxbe defeated Gilligan as the U.S. Senator from Ohio, and later became the U.S. Attorney General after the Watergate Scandal. John Gilligan started his political career in 1953 when he campaigned and won a seat in the Cincinnati City Council. Later, Gilligan ran for the United States House of Representatives and served for one term. However, he was not re-elected and suffered two more political defeats in running for the United States Senate. Despite these failed campaigns, Gilligan won the office of Governor of Ohio in 1971. He served as governor until 1975. His term as governor is remembered for several successes, the beginning of the state lottery, the graduated state income tax, the voting age lowered to eighteen, and an improved transportation infrastructure. After his term, Gilligan focused his political efforts towards international development and also taught at the collegiate level. Influenced by her father's political career and ambitions, Kathleen Gilligan served as governor of Kansas from 2003 until 2009. Under President Barack Obama, she was appointed Secretary of Health and Human Services. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: MSS388AV_B05_011
Subjects: Gilligan, John Joyce, 1921-; Saxbe, William Bart, 1916-2010; Political cartoons; Political campaigns; United States. Congress. Senate
Places: Toledo (Ohio); Lucas County (Ohio)
 

Description: C.J. McLin shaking hands with John Glenn, United States Senator from Ohio and astronaut. The photograph is signed by John Glenn. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: NAM_MSS2013_B03F01_D
Subjects: African Americans; McLin, C. J. (Clarence Josef.) Jr., 1921-1988; Ohio House of Representatives; State Representative; Legislator; United States. Senate; Glenn, John; Astronauts
Places: Ohio
 

Description: Engraved portrait of George Hunt Pendleton (1825-1889). Pendleton was from Cincinnati and served as a United States Senator from 1879-1885. He sponsored the U.S. Civil Service Commission. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL02815
Subjects: United States. Congress. Senate--1880-1890; Legislators--United States
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Allen G. Thurman (1813-1895) was a Democratic Representative (1845-1847) from Ohio; justice of the Ohio State Supreme Court, 1852-56; U.S. Senator from Ohio, 1869-81; candidate for Democratic nomination for President, 1884; and candidate for Vice President of the United States, 1888. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL03916
Subjects: Ohio. Supreme Court; United States. Congress. Senate; Lawyers--Ohio; Other--Federal Government
Places: Chillicothe (Ohio); Ross County (Ohio); Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: As a young man, Stephen A. Douglas (1813-1861) taught school in Ohio. While he served in the House and in the Senate as a representative from Illinois, Douglas played an important role in settling tensions between Northerners and Southerners over slavery prior to the outbreak of the Civil War. He is perhaps best known for his political battles with Abraham Lincoln in both 1858 and again in 1860. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL04113
Subjects: Abolitionists; Politicians; United States. Congress. House; United States. Congress. Senate
Places: Illinois